How do solar street lights store electricity?

Solar street lights are lighting equipment that uses solar energy to generate electricity and store electrical energy. It converts solar energy into electrical energy through solar panels and stores the electrical energy in batteries for night lighting.

The power storage principle of solar street lights mainly includes three parts: solar panels, batteries and controllers. Solar panels are the core components of solar street lights. They are composed of multiple solar cells and can convert solar energy into DC power. Batteries are devices that store electrical energy, generally using lead-acid batteries or lithium batteries. The controller is the intelligent control center of solar street lights, which can control the switch and brightness of solar street lights according to changes in light intensity and battery power.

The working process of solar street lights is as follows: During the day, solar panels convert solar energy into electrical energy and store the electrical energy in batteries. At the same time, the controller monitors the battery power and light intensity. When the light intensity decreases to a certain level, the controller will automatically turn on the solar street light and adjust the brightness. At night, the solar street light will illuminate according to the preset brightness requirements. When the light intensity increases to a certain level, the controller will automatically turn off the solar street light and start charging at the same time for use the next day.

The power storage process of solar street lights mainly depends on the working principle of solar panels. Solar panels are composed of multiple solar cells, each of which is composed of two layers of silicon wafers. When sunlight shines on the solar panel, the photons will excite the electrons in the silicon wafer, causing them to jump to the conductive layer and form an electric current. In this way, the solar panel converts solar energy into electrical energy. After the electrical energy is processed by the battery and the controller, it is stored in the battery.

What are the ways to store electricity in solar lights?

1. Lithium battery storage

Lithium batteries are one of the most widely used energy storage devices at present. They have the advantages of high energy density, long service life, and lightweight, so they are also commonly used in solar lights. The lithium battery storage method can make full use of solar energy to charge the battery while maintaining the long life of the battery, which makes it one of the main ways to store electricity in solar lights. Most solar lights on the market currently use lithium batteries for electricity storage.

2. Lead-acid battery storage

Lead-acid batteries are a traditional battery with a relatively short service life, but low cost and are widely known. In solar lights, lead-acid battery storage is usually used for some simple outdoor lighting equipment, and the battery needs to be replaced regularly to ensure its normal use.

3. Supercapacitor power storage

Supercapacitor is a new type of energy storage device, which has the advantages of efficient charging and discharging, long cycle life, etc. In solar lamps, the use of supercapacitor power storage can greatly reduce energy loss and improve energy utilization. This is also a new energy storage method worth promoting.

In summary, lithium battery power storage is suitable for long-term use and occasions with high requirements for power storage devices; lead-acid battery power storage is suitable for some simple lighting equipment; supercapacitor power storage is suitable for occasions with high requirements for energy loss and fast charging. In the future, with the continuous development and improvement of technology, more power storage methods may appear in solar lamps to meet the needs of different users.